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Shareholder Operating Agreement
"I need a Shareholder Operating Agreement for my Dubai-based technology startup, which will have five international investors and include provisions for future funding rounds planned for March 2025, with specific emphasis on tag-along rights and anti-dilution protection."
1. Parties: Identification of all shareholders and the company
2. Background: Context of the agreement, company formation details, and purpose
3. Definitions and Interpretation: Key terms used throughout the agreement and rules of interpretation
4. Business of the Company: Description of company's business scope and objectives
5. Share Capital and Shareholders: Details of share capital, shareholding percentages, and share classes
6. Management and Decision Making: Governance structure, management responsibilities, and decision-making processes
7. Shareholders' Meetings: Procedures for calling and conducting shareholder meetings, voting rights
8. Financial Matters: Financial management, dividend policy, and capital contributions
9. Transfer of Shares: Rules and restrictions regarding share transfers
10. Pre-emptive Rights: Shareholders' rights regarding new share issuances
11. Deadlock Resolution: Procedures for resolving shareholder disputes and deadlocks
12. Confidentiality: Obligations regarding company and shareholder confidential information
13. Non-Competition: Restrictions on competitive activities by shareholders
14. Term and Termination: Duration of agreement and termination circumstances
15. Governing Law and Dispute Resolution: Applicable law and dispute resolution mechanisms
1. Board of Directors: Required if the company has a formal board structure - covers appointment, removal, and powers of directors
2. Share Valuation: Include when specific valuation mechanisms are needed for share transfers or exits
3. Tag-Along Rights: Include to protect minority shareholders in case of majority share sale
4. Drag-Along Rights: Include to enable majority shareholders to force minority participation in a sale
5. Intellectual Property Rights: Required if the company has significant IP assets
6. Islamic Finance Compliance: Required if the company needs to ensure Sharia compliance in its operations
7. Employee Share Scheme: Include if the company plans to offer shares to employees
8. Exit Strategy: Include detailed provisions for IPO or sale of company
9. Related Party Transactions: Include if shareholders have other business interests that may interact with the company
1. Schedule 1 - Details of the Company: Company registration details, address, and current directors
2. Schedule 2 - Initial Shareholding Structure: Detailed breakdown of initial share allocation and classes
3. Schedule 3 - Reserved Matters: List of decisions requiring special majority or unanimous approval
4. Schedule 4 - Business Plan: Initial business plan and strategic objectives
5. Schedule 5 - Share Valuation Methodology: Agreed methods for valuing shares in various circumstances
6. Schedule 6 - Deed of Adherence: Template for new shareholders joining the agreement
7. Schedule 7 - Management Structure: Detailed organizational structure and reporting lines
8. Appendix A - Key Performance Indicators: Metrics for measuring company and management performance
9. Appendix B - Shareholder Contact Details: Contact information and notice requirements for all shareholders
Authors
Articles of Association
Board
Business
Business Day
Business Plan
Chairman
Change of Control
Company
Confidential Information
Constitutional Documents
Deed of Adherence
Director
Encumbrance
Event of Default
Exercise Notice
Fair Market Value
Financial Year
Free Zone
General Assembly
Governmental Authority
Group
Initial Business Plan
Initial Shareholders
Intellectual Property Rights
Management
Material Adverse Effect
Memorandum of Association
New Securities
Ordinary Resolution
Original Shareholders
Parties
Permitted Transferee
Pre-emption Notice
Pre-emption Rights
Related Party
Related Party Transaction
Reserved Matters
Resolution
DIFC
Share Capital
Shareholder
Shareholder Loan
Shares
Special Resolution
Subsidiary
Tag-Along Notice
Tag-Along Right
Transfer
UAE
Valuation
Voting Rights
Share Capital and Shareholding
Share Transfer Restrictions
Pre-emptive Rights
Tag-Along Rights
Drag-Along Rights
Management and Control
Board Composition
Shareholder Meetings
Voting Rights
Reserved Matters
Financial Matters
Dividend Policy
Capital Contributions
Additional Funding
Business Plan
Confidentiality
Non-Competition
Non-Solicitation
Related Party Transactions
Information Rights
Deadlock Resolution
Default
Exit Provisions
Share Valuation
Anti-Dilution
Representations and Warranties
Indemnification
Term and Termination
Dispute Resolution
Governing Law
Islamic Finance Compliance
Amendment Procedures
Notices
Assignment
Severability
Entire Agreement
Force Majeure
Waiver
Third Party Rights
Costs and Expenses
Technology
Real Estate
Manufacturing
Trading
Professional Services
Healthcare
Financial Services
Retail
Hospitality
Construction
Media and Entertainment
Education
Logistics
Food and Beverage
Energy
Legal
Corporate Governance
Board of Directors
Executive Leadership
Finance
Compliance
Risk Management
Corporate Affairs
Investor Relations
Company Secretariat
Chief Executive Officer
Managing Director
Chief Financial Officer
Company Secretary
Legal Counsel
Corporate Lawyer
Compliance Officer
Board Member
Director of Operations
Investment Manager
Shareholder Relations Manager
Corporate Governance Officer
Risk Manager
Business Development Director
Financial Controller
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